Benefits and Harmful Effects of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)

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Jun 2024 18

What is paracetamol?

Paracetamol (Panadol, Calpol, Alvedon) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used to temporarily relieve mild-to-moderate pain and fever. It is commonly included as an ingredient in cold and flu medications and is also used on its own.

Paracetamol is exactly the same drug as acetaminophen (Tylenol). Paracetamol is the drug’s name assigned using the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) generic name system. Paracetamol is the name used for the drug in places such as Europe, Australia, New Zealand and India. Acetaminophen is the generic name assigned using the United States Adopted Names (USAN) system. Acetaminophen is the name used in countries such as the US, Canada and Japan.

Paracetamol was first made in 1878, but only became more widely used in the 1950s. Today paracetamol is one of the most widely used painkillers in the world. Branded and generic versions of this drug are available.

What is paracetamol used for?

Paracetamol is available over-the-counter (OTC) and also as a prescription medication. It is used for the relief of:

  • Headache
  • Tension headache
  • Migraine
  • Backache
  • Rheumatic and muscle pain
  • Mild arthritis/osteoarthritis
  • Toothache
  • Period pain (dysmenorrhea)
  • Colds and flu symptoms
  • Sore throat
  • Sinus pain
  • Post-operative pain
  • Fever (pyrexia)

Benefits and Harmful Effects of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)

Benefits:

  1. Pain Relief: Paracetamol is effective in alleviating mild to moderate pain, including headaches, muscle aches, toothaches, and menstrual cramps.
  2. Fever Reduction: It is widely used to reduce fever in adults and children.
  3. Accessibility: Available over-the-counter, making it easily accessible for quick relief.
  4. Safety: When used at recommended doses, it has a good safety profile compared to other pain relievers.

Harmful Effects:

  1. Liver Damage: High doses or prolonged use can lead to severe liver damage and potentially acute liver failure.
  2. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions, such as skin rashes or swelling.
  3. Overdose Risk: Accidental overdose can occur, especially in children, leading to serious health complications.
  4. Drug Interactions: Can interact with other medications, enhancing the risk of adverse effects.

Conclusion:

Paracetamol is a highly effective and commonly used medication for pain and fever. However, its use must be carefully monitored to avoid serious health risks, particularly liver damage. Always adhere to recommended dosages and consult a healthcare professional if you have any concerns or underlying health conditions.

References: https://www.drugs.com/